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ARTICLEAnalyzing local content and in-country spendingrequirements to advance technology transfers andsupport entrepreneurial development in Ghana’supstream petroleum sectorFrank Yao Gbadago 1 ?This study investigates the role of local content requirements (LCRs) and in-country spendingmandates in fostering technology transfer, skills acquisition, and entrepreneurship develop-ment in Ghana’s upstream petroleum sector. Leveraging theories such as Grossman’sdomestic content preference, resource dependency, linkage and spill-over effects, and socialexchange, the research provides a comprehensive perspective on how local content policiescan generate sustainable socio-economic benef i ts, extending beyond immediate f i scal gains.Through robust quantitative analysis, including factor analysis with high Cronbach’s alphavalues (0.700 to 0.932) and composite reliability near 1, the study conf i rms the signif i cantrole of LCRs in driving collaborative engagements between foreign operators and localbusinesses. The f i ndings underscore the eff i cacy of LCRs policies and partnerships inenhancing local business capacities, particularly through technology and knowledge transfers.However, the research also highlights gaps in policy enforcement and local capacity devel-opment, revealing limited impact of in-country production spending on entrepreneurialgrowth. This study makes a novel contribution by integrating multiple theoretical perspec-tives into a unif i ed framework that explains the dynamics of LCRs impacts in the context of anemerging economy. The implications for policymakers include enhancing regulatory enfor-cement, fostering capacity-building programs, and incentivizing partnerships between foreignand local f i rms to boost local industry competitiveness. This study’s contributions to the f i eldlie in providing a rigorous framework for assessing LCRs eff i cacy and offering actionableinsights for maximizing the socio-economic impact of resource policies in petroleum-richeconomies like Ghana. Future research directions include examining similar dynamics in otherresource-driven sectors and exploring the long-term socio-economic impacts of LCRs,including job creation and poverty alleviation.https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-025-04549-w OPEN1 Department of Accounting Studies, Faculty of Business Education, Akenten Appiah-Menka University for Skills Training & Entrepreneurial Development,Kumasi, Ghana.? email: frankggh@yahoo.comHUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES COMMUNICATIONS| (2025) 12:275 |https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-025-04549-w 11234567890():,;