188宝金博页面版

Designation: E1648 − 20 (Reapproved 2026)Standard Reference Radiographs forExamination of Aluminum Fusion Welds 1This standard is issued under the f i xed designation E1648; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 These reference radiographs illustrate various types andseverity levels of discontinuities in aluminum fusion welds thatmay be revealed by radiographic examination. These referenceradiographs do not specify the acceptable level of thesediscontinuities, rather they provide a visual reference forcommunicating the acceptable level.N OTE 1—The reference radiographs consist of a set of eight plates(8 1 ⁄ 2 in. by 11 in. (22 cm by 28 cm)), covering base material up to andincluding 0.75 in. (19 mm) in thickness.1.2 These reference radiographs are based on two nominalweld thicknesses in wrought aluminum products and areapplicable to the thickness ranges shown in Table 1. The weldswere produced using base material plates of 6061 and 5083alloys and 5356 and 4043 gas metal-arc (GMA) electrodes.These reference radiographs are intended for use in evaluatingradiographs of welds in wrought aluminum products. They arenot recommended for use with repair welds in cast materials;however, they are appropriate for use with assembly orfabrication welds. Reference radiographs for aluminum andmagnesium castings are available in Reference RadiographsE155 and E505.1.3 The adjunct contains illustrations of representativegraded and ungraded discontinuities. Table 2 lists the discon-tinuity types and severities illustrated for each thickness ofbase material. Each of the graded discontinuity types has f i veseverity levels, 1 through 5, in order of increasing severity. Theungraded discontinuities are included for informational pur-poses.1.4 From time to time, there may be minor changes to theprocess for manufacturing of the reference radiograph adjunctmaterials. These changes could include changes in the f i lms orprocessing chemicals used, changes in the dies or printing forthe cardboard mats, etc.; however, in all cases, these changesare reviewed by the Illustration Monitoring Subcommittee andall reference radiographs are reviewed against a f i xed prototypeimage to ensure that there are no changes to the acceptancelevel represented by the reference radiographs. Therefore, theadjunct reference radiographs remain valid for use with thisstandard regardless of the date of production or the revisionlevel of the text standard.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards: 2E94/E94M Guide for Radiographic Examination Using In-dustrial Radiographic FilmE155 Reference Radiographs for Inspection of Aluminumand Magnesium CastingsE505 Reference Radiographs for Inspection of Aluminumand Magnesium Die CastingsE1032 Practice for Radiographic Examination of WeldmentsUsing Industrial X-Ray FilmE1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:Reference Radiographs for Aluminum Fusion Welds:Volume 1, Thicknesses Up to and Including 0.75 in.(19 mm) 31 These reference radiographs are under the jurisdiction of ASTM CommitteeE07 on Nondestructive Testing and are the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeE07.02 on Reference Radiological Images.Current edition approved July 1, 2026. Published July 2026. Originally approvedin 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2020 as E1648 – 20. DOI: 10.1520/E1648-20R26.2 For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at www.astm.org/contact. For Annual Book ofASTM Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summarypage on the ASTM website.3 Available from ASTM Headquarters. Order RRE1648.Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1