188宝金博页面版

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    188宝金博页面版: The next seventy years population food and resources Gillard, B. Tunbridge Wells Abacus Press, 1979. 133 pp. ￡9.50 cloth

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    内容提示： 12 Book rrrirw Anybody interested in this prospect should read this essay. Hence this volume will be in constant demand if only as a convenient source for the Wallerstein perspective laid out in its bare essentials. P. J. Taylor Department of Geography, University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne Gillard. B. The next seventy years: population food and resources. Tunbridge Wells: Abacus Press. 1979. 133 pp. f9.50 cloth. This book aims to predict the amount of food and energy that will be available in the world by the...

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    12 Book rrrirw Anybody interested in this prospect should read this essay. Hence this volume will be in constant demand if only as a convenient source for the Wallerstein perspective laid out in its bare essentials. P. J. Taylor Department of Geography, University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne Gillard. B. The next seventy years: population food and resources. Tunbridge Wells: Abacus Press. 1979. 133 pp. f9.50 cloth. This book aims to predict the amount of food and energy that will be available in the world by the middle of the next century, and in particular to see whether the disparities between the developed and developing countries will have closed or widened. The author rejects the United Nations population projections to 2050, taking as the basis instead those made by Tomas Frejka. He goes on to calculate the minimum nutritional needs and considers alternative food supplies. He concludes that there is unlikely to be any substitute for conventional food. Extra food will have to come from higher crop yields, for any increases in land area due to reclamation will be offset by losses due to soil erosion. He doubts if the LDCS will be able to match the DCS per capita output of food by 2050 or that trade will resolve this problem. The author then turns to consider energy resources, as industrial development is closely related to the consumption of energy per caput. Again he believes the disparity in economic development between the LDCS and the DCS will not be removed by 2050. Within the LDCS those countries that will be able to afford to import food will survive: in those that cannot, death rates will rise. This book is clear, well-written and commendably brief. Its value, however, depends entirely upon the assumptions on which the projections are made, as does any other essay in futurism. D. B. Grigg Department of Geography, University of Sheffield Burrows, P. The economic theory of pollution control. Oxford: Martin Robertson, 1979. f 12.00 cloth, X4.50 limp. Formidable and perhaps insurmountable information difficulties bar the way to the economist’s ideal of ‘optimum pollution’, in which state the marginal benefits of avoiding pollution damage are equated with the marginal costs of control. The nature of common resources, blurred definitions of property rights and the inevitable conflict between efficiency and justice are further complications. Dr Burrows leaves us in little doubt that neo-classical economics offers no ready-made solutions to pollution problems. However, he does make a strong case for the consideration of economic theory on its conceptual merits, as a resource allocation tool appropriate to the social control of pollution. His exposition is clear, concise and repays patient attention, beginning with a rigorous but non-mathematical analysis of the theory of external costs. Careful definition avoids some of the ambiguities often associated with discussions of pollution costs. The chapter on market failure elaborates on the interdependence between polluter and pollutee and shows that private bargaining is unlikely to achieve social efficiency. Turning to control instruments, pollution charges are not rejected out of hand, but the author argues that the superiority of charges over regulation is much less certain than many economists imagine.

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