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The Nd-123 superconducting system from single crystal to top-seeded large grain. Physical and chemical parameters influence

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188宝金博页面版:  The Nd-123 superconducting system from single crystal to top-seeded large grain. Physical and chemical parameters influence

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内容提示： THE Nd-123 SUPERCONDUCTING SYSTEM: FROMSINGLE CRYSTAL TO TOP-SEEDED LARGE GRAIN.PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PARAMETERS INFLUENCEF. AUGUSTE*$, N. VANDEWALLE%, M. AUSLOOS%,J. MACMANUS-DRISCOLL}, A. RULMONT$ and R. CLOOTS$$SUPRAS, Chemistry Institute B6, University of Lie` ge, Sart-Tilman, B-4000 Lie` ge, Belgium%SUPRAS, Physics Institute B5, University of Lie` ge, Sart-Tilman, B-4000 Lie` ge, Belgium}Imperial College, Department of Materials, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2BP, U.K.(Received 30 January 1998; acce...

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THE Nd-123 SUPERCONDUCTING SYSTEM: FROMSINGLE CRYSTAL TO TOP-SEEDED LARGE GRAIN.PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PARAMETERS INFLUENCEF. AUGUSTE*$, N. VANDEWALLE%, M. AUSLOOS%,J. MACMANUS-DRISCOLL}, A. RULMONT$ and R. CLOOTS$$SUPRAS, Chemistry Institute B6, University of Lie` ge, Sart-Tilman, B-4000 Lie` ge, Belgium%SUPRAS, Physics Institute B5, University of Lie` ge, Sart-Tilman, B-4000 Lie` ge, Belgium}Imperial College, Department of Materials, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2BP, U.K.(Received 30 January 1998; accepted 20 February 1998)Abstract—Nd-123 single crystals have been produced via the f l ux method in alumina crucibles by con-trolling the chemical composition of the f l ux. For so doing, quenched materials have been prepared andanalyzed in order to get information about the optimum barium:copper ratio for an unchanged neody-mium concentration. Non corrosive f l uxes with a low viscosity have been put into evidence and canthus be used for single crystal production. Experiments have been performed with three di?erent chemi-cal compositions of the f l ux and by considering various amounts of neodymium oxide for each system.The single crystals have been analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis and used for the syn-thesis of large Dy-123 single-domains. # 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reservedINTRODUCTIONState of the art123 high-T c superconducting crystals are di?cult to grow because the 123 compounds meltincongruently. A controllable crystallization from the liquid phase needs to be developed inorder to prepare 123 bulk high-T c superconductors. The isothermal growth of the 123 phaserequires a steady supply of yttrium or rare-earth atoms which is believed to be provided by thedissolution of the 211 phase in the liquid. Below the peritectic temperature, the metastable liquidphase has a chemical composition which is supersaturated with respect to the 123 phase. Thus,precipitation of 123 can occur leading to a compositional change. The dissolution of the 211particles in the liquid phase again brings the chemical composition back towards its initial value[1].Nevertheless, grain alignment through isothermally melt-textured processes is di?cult toachieve. In the absence of an external driving force, such as a temperature gradient [2,3] or anexternal magnetic f i eld [4,5], the 123 melt-processed sample is generally characterized by alocally textured microstructure. This is essentially due to a multi-nucleation process, with eachoriented domain connected to other grains through high angle grain boundaries. The applicationof a thermal gradient strongly minimizes the nucleation of domains and promotes the formationof a long-range continuity of the layered microstructure. For applications requiring large criticalcurrent densities, uniform grain alignment over long lengths is needed. Directional solidif i cationhas thus been shown to be a very promising technique in developing microstructures withoriented and continuous grains. Moreover, the solidif i cation process is complicated by the facet-ting problem. Planar solidif i cation arises only when the liquid composition at the growing inter-face is di?erent from the solid matrix. Large facetted grains are only produced at very lowgrowth rates and the facets are often oriented at 458 with respect to the direction of the thermalgradient [6,7]. Melt-texturing processes by seed-controlled solidif i cation has thus been found tobe the most e?ective method for producing reproducible ‘single-grain’ long-length bulk super-Applied Superconductivity Vol. 6, Nos. 2–5, pp. 77–85, 1998# 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reservedPrinted in Great Britain0964-1807/98 $ - see front matter PII: S0964-1807(98)00089-1*Corresponding author.77

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188宝金博页面版:  The Nd-123 superconducting system from single crystal to top-seeded large grain. Physical and chemical parameters influence

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