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上传于:2016-03-24

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188宝金博页面版: Singularly Perturbed Monotone Systems and an Application to…

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内容提示: Singularly Perturbed Monotone Systems and an Application to DoublePhosphorylation CyclesLiming Wang and Eduardo Sontag ??AbstractThe theory of monotone dynamical systems has been found very useful in the modeling of somegene, protein, and signaling networks. In monotone systems, every net feedback loop is positive. Onthe other hand, negative feedback loops are important features of many systems, since they are requiredfor adaptation and precision. This paper shows that, provided that these negative loops...

文档格式:PDF | 页数:22 | 浏览次数:27 | 上传日期:2016-03-24 10:29:22 | 文档星级:
Singularly Perturbed Monotone Systems and an Application to DoublePhosphorylation CyclesLiming Wang and Eduardo Sontag ∗†AbstractThe theory of monotone dynamical systems has been found very useful in the modeling of somegene, protein, and signaling networks. In monotone systems, every net feedback loop is positive. Onthe other hand, negative feedback loops are important features of many systems, since they are requiredfor adaptation and precision. This paper shows that, provided that these negative loops act at acomparatively fast time scale, the main dynamical property of (strongly) monotone systems, convergenceto steady states, is still valid. An application is worked out to a double-phosphorylation “futile cycle”motif which plays a central role in eukaryotic cell signaling.1 IntroductionMonotone dynamical systems constitute a rich class of models, for which global and almost-global con-vergence properties can be established. They are particularly useful in biochemical applications and alsoappear in areas like coordination [27] and other problems in control [7]. One of the fundamental results inmonotone systems theory is Hirsch’s Generic Convergence Theorem [17–19,36]. Informally stated, Hirsch’sresult says that almost every bounded solution of a strongly monotone system converges to the set ofequilibria. There is a rich literature regarding the application of this powerful theorem, as well as ofother results dealing with everywhere convergence when equilibria are unique ( [9,21,36]), to models ofbiochemical systems. See for instance [38,39] for expositions and many references.Unfortunately, many models in biology are not monotone, at least with respect to any standard orthantorder. This is because in monotone systems (with respect to orthant orders) every net feedback loop shouldbe positive, but, on the other hand, in many systems negative feedback loops often appear as well, as theyare required for adaptation and precision. However, intuitively, negative loops that act at a comparativelyfast time scale should not affect the main characteristics of monotone behavior. The main purpose of thispaper is to show that this is indeed the case, in the sense that singularly perturbed strongly monotonesystems inherit generic convergence properties. A system that is not monotone may become monotone oncethat fast variables are replaced by their steady-state values. In order to prove a precise time-separationresult, we employ tools from geometric singular perturbation theory.This point of view is of special interest in the context of biochemical systems; for example, MichaelisMenten kinetics are mathematically justified as singularly perturbed versions of mass action kinetics [11,28].One particular example of great interest in view of current systems biology research is that of dual “futilecycle” motifs, as illustrated in Figure 1. As discussed in [33], futile cycles (with any number of intermediate∗ L. Wang is with the Rutgers University, Department of Mathematics, wshwlm@math.rutgers.edu.† E. Sontag is with the Rutgers University, Department of Mathematics, sontag@math.rutgers.edu.1

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