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    188宝金博页面版: 2017年山东农业大学英语语言学基础之语言学教程考研复试核心题库

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    内容提示： 2017 年山东农业大学英语语言学基础之语言学教程考研复试核心题库?一? 说明?本资料为学员内部使用?整理汇编了 2017 考研复试重点题及历年复试常考题型。 ———————————————————————————————————————— 一、Explain-the-fllowing-terms 1? Transformational-Generative grammar 【答案】 Transformational-generative grammar is proposed by Noam Chomsky. He postulated a syntactic base of language ?called deep structure? , which consists of a series of phrase-structure rewrite rules, i.e., a series of...

    文档格式：PDF | 页数：37 | 浏览次数：10 | 上传日期：2017-02-10 20:29:12 | 文档星级：
    2017 年山东农业大学英语语言学基础之语言学教程考研复试核心题库?一? 说明?本资料为学员内部使用?整理汇编了 2017 考研复试重点题及历年复试常考题型。 ———————————————————————————————————————— 一、Explain-the-fllowing-terms 1? Transformational-Generative grammar 【答案】 Transformational-generative grammar is proposed by Noam Chomsky. He postulated a syntactic base of language ?called deep structure? , which consists of a series of phrase-structure rewrite rules, i.e., a series of ?possibly universal? rules that generates the underlying phrase-structure of a sentence. The end result of a transformational-generative grammar is a surface structure that is identical to an actual sentence of a language, after the mediating of a series of rules ?called transformations ? that act upon the deep structures. 2? Semantic field 【答案】 It is the organization of related words and expressions into a system which shows their relationship to one another. For example, kinship terms such as father, mother, brother, sister, uncle, aunt belong to a semantic field whose relevant features include generation, sex, membership of the father's or mother's side of the family. 3? Phonetics 【答案】 Phonetics is the study of how speech sounds are produced, transmitted, and perceived. It can be divided into three main areas of study articulatory phonetics, acoustic phonetics and perceptual/auditory phonetics. 4? IC analysis 【答案】 IC analysis: IC analysis ?immediate constituent analysis? refers to the analysis of a sentence in terms of its immediate constituents---word groups ?or phrases ? ,which are in turn analyzed into the immediate constituents of their own, and the process goes on until the ultimate constituents are reached. In practice, for the sake of convenience, we usually stop at the level of word. 5? Distinctive features of speech sounds 【答案】 The distinctive feature is a property which distinguishes one phoneme from another. For example, “voicing” is a distinctive feature, since it plays an important role in distinguishing obstruents in English. 6? Lingua franca 【答案】 It is language that is used for communication between different groups of people, each speaking a different language, lhe lingua franca could be an internationally used language of communication ?e. g. English? , it could be the native language of one of the groups, or it could a language which is not spoken natively by any of the groups but has a simplified sentence structure and vocabulary and is often a mixture of two or more languages.

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