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    188宝金博页面版: phylogenetic relationship of turkish terrestrial orchids

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    内容提示： 155Phylogenetic Relationship of Turkish Terrestrial Orchids E. Ari, I. Polat and M. Gocmen O. Karaguzel West Mediterranean Agricultural Res. Inst. Dept. of Landscape Architecture Antalya Akdeniz Univ., Antalya Turkey Turkey K. Onal Vocational School of Technical Sciences Akdeniz Univ., Antalya Turkey Keywords: Orchidaceae, Salep orchids, DNA fingerprinting, RAPD, phylogenetic relationship Abstract Twenty-four genus and almost 100 terrestrial species belonging to the Orchidaceae family have been determ...

    文档格式：PDF | 页数：6 | 浏览次数：4 | 上传日期：2016-06-07 10:18:02 | 文档星级：
    155Phylogenetic Relationship of Turkish Terrestrial Orchids E. Ari, I. Polat and M. Gocmen O. Karaguzel West Mediterranean Agricultural Res. Inst. Dept. of Landscape Architecture Antalya Akdeniz Univ., Antalya Turkey Turkey K. Onal Vocational School of Technical Sciences Akdeniz Univ., Antalya Turkey Keywords: Orchidaceae, Salep orchids, DNA fingerprinting, RAPD, phylogenetic relationship Abstract Twenty-four genus and almost 100 terrestrial species belonging to the Orchidaceae family have been determined in Turkey. Because of the polymeric structure, aphrodisiac effect and the other medicinal characteristics, ‘salep’ orchids were extremely demanded and extensively exported from 1700s to 1974. Despite all the laws put into effect, the pulling of these orchids has continued since 1974 for interior trade. While the amount of annual export was 6.5 tons in 1700s, most of these species are now within endangered plant classes. For the sustainability of their generations; the genetic resource preservation, the solution of species confusions, forming of suitable markers, causing them to get genetic identity, the patent rights and therefore, the usage of molecular techniques have gained much more importance especially according to the approach of recent plant genetic resource conservation policies. With this direction, the wild orchid species living in Antalya were searched and 24 species determined in a previous study, then different researches were carried out on these species. In this research, phylogenetic relationships of wild orchid species were defined at the genus level via RAPD molecular technique. The most genetic nearness was fixed between Cephalanthera rubra and Platanthera chlorantha. Additionally, it was determined that Anacamptis pyramidalis had the most different genetic structure among the other species. INTRODUCTION Turkey is located in the intersection point of three phytogeographic regions, Euro-Siberian, Irano-Turanian and Mediterranean. It is one of the important and rare countries of the world in regard to the plant genetic resources and biodiversity (TCSV, 1990; Tan, 1998; Karaguzel et al., 1999). While it has 163 plant families, 1,225 genus and 10,500 species, of which 3,000 species are endemic, the entire Europe continent has a total of 12,000 species, of which 2,750 species are endemic (Kaynakci, 1997). Different climatic and geographical characteristics have permitted quite dissimilar orchid species to live in Turkey. Twenty-four genera and almost 100 species belonging to the Orchidaceae family, known as ‘Salep’ family in Turkish, have been identified (Sezik, 1984). While the epiphytic orchids are generally used for ornamental purpose, the terrestrial ones in Turkey are mostly used for producing salep powder, which is obtained from tuberous orchid species (Baytop, 1994). The content of the ‘salep’ tubers includes: glycomannanes (11-14%), starch (8-19%), reductoses (2-3%) and proteic substances (1%). The main reason of salep usage is the glycomannanes. These substances are hydrated with water or milk and a viscose solution is formed. They are the right consistency for drinking and are used to provide a roughness to ice cream and delay its melting (Sezik, 1984). In addition to the polymeric characteristic, ‘salep’ orchids were in high demand and exported because of their aphrodisiac effect and other medicinal characteristics from Proc. IX th Intl. Symp. on Flower Bulbs Eds.: H. Okubo, W.B. Miller and G.A. Chastagner Acta Hort. 673, ISHS 2005

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