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【调查研究】文章编号: 1001-5914(2000)02-0083-04苏州市桶装饮水卫生质量的初步研究马良才1　华一江1　贾秋放1　梁炜1　蔡祖根2(11 苏州市卫生防疫站 215003; 21 江苏省卫生防疫站)　　摘要: [目的] 了解苏州市桶装饮水卫生质量, 并为改善饮水卫生质量提供依据。 [方法] 于 1999 年逐月对成品桶装水进行水质检测, 于 7 ～ 9 月对 10 个桶装水厂及其用户的水质进行调查研究。[结果] 苏州市区 1999 年桶装饮水生产厂家已达 32 个, 饮用人数 17167 万人, 占市区总人数的 1614%。与自来水相比, 桶装饮水感官指标较好, 重金属和有机物含量明显降低 (P < 0105),17O 核磁共振半幅宽变窄。但微生物超标率高, 其中细菌总数超标率出厂水1412% , 饮水机常温出水 8211%; 总大肠菌群出厂水 016% , 饮水机常温水 1412%; 纯水中微量元素偏低。[结论] 应深入探讨桶装饮水微生物超标原因, 制订桶装水厂良好生产规范, 开展饮水机的卫生学研究, 建立水质综合评价指标。关键词: 桶装饮水; 卫生质量; 饮水机中图分类号: R12316　　　　　文献标识码: BPreli m inary Study of the San itary Quality of BarrelledDrinkingWater in Suzhou1　 MA L iang2cai, HUA Yi2jiang, J I AQ iu2fang, et al1S uzhou S anitation and A nti2ep idem ic S tation, 215003Abstract: [O bjective ] To understand the sanitary quality of barrelled drinkingwater in Suzhou, and provide basisfor i mproving it. [Me thods ]M onthly determ ination of sanitary quality of finished barrelled drinkingwaterwas carriedout in 1999. A n investigation on the sanitary quality of finished barelled water samples collected from 10 barrelleddrinkingwater manufactories and their userswas carried out during July to September in 19991 [Results ] By the endof 1999, the amount of barrelled drinkingwatermanufactories reached to 32, the population drinking barrelled drinkingwater reached to 17617 thousand peoplewhich took 1614% of the total population in urban area of Suzhou1Comparedw ith tap water, barredled drinking water presented advantages as follow s: better organoleptic indexes, significantdecrease of levels of heavymetals and organic compounds in finishedwater (P< 0105), narrower half amplitudew idth17O 1A t the same ti me, the main sanitary problem of barrelled drinking waterwas thehigher over standard rates ofm icrobiology1The over standard rate of the count of total bacteriawas 1412% for finishedwater and 8211% for water supplied from water dispenser at normal atmospheric temperature1The over standard rateof the count of total coliform s was 016% for finished water and 1412% for water supplied from water despenser atnormal atmospheric temperature1Lower levels of trace elements were found in purified water1 [Conclusion ] It wasof nuclear magnetic resonance ofnecessary to research the cause resulting in the over standard levels of m icrobiology in barrelled drinking waterfurther, work out perfect sanitary standards for process of production, carry out study on the sanitary quality ofwaterdespenser, and establish suitable indexes of comprehensively evaluating water quality1Key words: Barrelled drinking water; Sanitary quality; W ater despenser　　桶装饮水于 20 世纪 80 年代被世界卫生组织列入饮水卫生范畴, 并提出相应卫生要求[1]。 我国桶装饮水是在饮用水源受到污染, 自来水厂传统水处理工艺不能去除新污染物, 局部供水管网和二次供水箱受到污染, 居民对饮水水质要求提高的背景下出现的新型供水。 为进一步掌握苏州市区桶装饮水卫生质量, 并为提出改善桶装饮水水质对策提供依据, 进行本研究。作者简介: 马良才(19542), 男, 苏州市卫生防疫站副主任医师, 从事公共卫生监督管理。© 1995-2003 Tsinghua Tongfang Optical Disc Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.1　材料与方法111　于 1999 年对苏州市区所辖 32 个桶装水厂出厂水逐月测定水质, 并于 7～ 9 月对其中 10 个水厂各 8个居民用户、 7 个团体用户在测定出厂水同时, 分别测定饮水机上桶装水和常温水龙头出水的水质。指标包括 GB17323- 1998 和 GB17324- 1998 测定的纯净水水质指标, 天然泉水、 人工矿化水增测总硬度、 溶解性总固体。选择有代表性的自来水管网末梢水、 纯水、 天然泉水、 人工矿化水进行微量元素测定。· 38·　　Journal of Environment and Health,M arch 2000,Vol . 17,No12　 　 　　环境与健康杂志 2000 年 3 月第 17 卷第 2 期