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2017 年中南财经政法大学 1060 外国语言学综合之语言学教程复试仿真模拟三套题?一? 说明?本资料为 2017 复试学员内部使用?严格按照 2017 复试常考题型及难度全真模拟预测。 ———————————————————————————————————————— 一、Explain-the-fllowing-terms 1? Foregrounding 【答案】 This term is meant for what is unusual, attractive, unconventional, salient. In literature, foregrounding is often achieved through unconventional expressions which attract the readers9 attention. The main manifestations of foregrounding are deviation and parallelism. 2? Back-formation 【答案】 Back formation refers to an abnormal type of word formation where a shorter word is derived by deleting an imagined affix from a longer form already in the language. For example, the word “television” appeared before “televise”?and so does “editor” to “edit”. 3? Contextual meaning 【答案】 It is also called speaker?s meaning, or utterance meaning, which is more closely related to the context. For example, when a person says “My bag is heavy”?what he actually means may be asking the hearer to help him carry the bag. 4? Innateness hypothesis 【答案】 The “Innateness Hypothesis” of child language acquisition was proposed by Noam Chomsky, who states that language are somewhat innate and that children are bom with what he calls a language acquisition device, which is a unique kind of knowledge that fits them for language learning. 5? 1-narrator 【答案】 The person who tells the story may also be a character in the fictional world of the story, relating the story after the event. In this ease the critics call the narrator a FIRST-PERSON NARRATOR or I- NARRATOR because when the narrator refers to himself or herself in the story the first person pronoun I is used. First-person narrators are often said to be “limited” because they don?t know all the faces or “unreliable” because they trick the reader by withholding information or telling untruths. This often happens in murder and mystery stories. 6? Polysemy 【答案】 Polysemy means a single word having several or many meanings. According to Crystal: Polysemy is a term used in semantic analysis to refer to a lexical item which has a range of different meanings. Polysemic words are signs of an advanced culture. Polysemy is also an essential feature of a language?s economy and efficiency. 7? CMC 【答案】 It is computer-mediated communication, distinguished by its focus on language and language use in computer networked environments, and by its use of methods of discourse analysis to