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第 25 卷第 8 期2005 年 8 月生　　态　　学　　报ACTA ECOLO GICA S I N ICAVol . 25,No. 8A ug. , 2005生态城市指标体系与评价方法吴　琼1, 2, 王如松1, 3, 李宏卿2, 徐晓波3(1. 中国科学院生态环境研究中心, 北京　100085; 2. 吉林大学地球探测科学与技术学院, 长春　130026; 3. 烟台园林处, 烟台　264001)基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目 (40241009)收稿日期: 2004204217; 修订日期: 2005204221作者简介: 吴琼(1972～ ) , 男, 辽宁人, 博士生。 主要从事城市生态学研究. E2mail: wuqiong@ jlu. edu. cn3 通信作者 A uthor for correspondence. E2mail: wangrs@mail. rcees. ac. cnFoundation item: N ational N atural Science Foundation of China(No. 40241009)Received date: 2004204217; Accepted date: 2005204221Biography:WU Q iong, Ph. D. candidate,mainly engaged in urban ecology. E2mail: wuqiong@ jlu. edu. cn摘要: 生态城市是依据生态学原理提出的一类社会2经济2自然协调发展的城市。 目 前生态城市理论研究主要应用在城市的规划、 设计和管理上。 生态城市建设的评价是衡量生态城市规划、 建设、 管理成效的主要依据。 在对生态城市理论和内涵详细分析的基础上, 采用专家咨询的定性和定量信息构建了 扬州生态城市评价指标体系, 该指标体系包括了 城市复合生态系统中社会、经济、 自然 3 个子系统, 反映生态城市的内涵和衡量生态城市各子系统的状态、 动态和实力。 为对各级指标进行综合, 提出了 全排列多边形图示指标评价方法, 评价生态城市在各个规划时段的建设成效。 评价结果表明, 扬州生态城市的综合发展能力市在2005 规划年将达到 01 44, 在 2010 规划年将达到 01 64, 在 2020 规划年将达到 01 85。 评价方法简单直观, 代数计算结果考虑了 各级指标临界值对综合指标的放大和紧缩效应, 反映了 整体大于或者小于部分之和的系统整合原理。关键词: 生态城市; 指标体系; 评价方法文章编号: 100020933 (2005) 0822090206　中图分类号: X22, X32　文献标识码: AThe indices and the evaluation method of eco-city1, 2, WAN G Ru2SongWU Q iong13, L I Hong2Q ing2, XU Xiao2Bo3　(1. R esearch Center for Eco2Environm ental S ciences,Chinese A cademy of S ciences, B eijing 100085, China; 2.College of GeoExp loration S cience and Technology , J ilin University , Changchun130026, China; 3.Yantai H orticulture D ep artm ent, Yantai 264001, China). Acta Ecologica S inica, 2005, 25(8): 2090～ 2095.Abstract: Eco2city is a social2econom ic2natural harmonization development system according w ith the ecology p rincip le. Nowthe research of eco2city theory is mainly focused on the p lanning, designing, and management of city. The assessment of eco2city is the basis for the p lanners to evaluate the effect of their eco2city p lanning.This paper review ed the history and theconnotation of eco2city theory, and designed the indices system of the Yangzhou eco2city p lanning based on the expertconsultation to evaluate the eco2city’s development ability.The indices system includes social, econom ic and natural factors,and the coup ling status of these three subsystem s.The entire2array2polygon evaluation method w as offered to evaluate theYangzhou eco2city p lanning using the designed indices system. A nd the results show that the synthesis index of Yangzhou Eco2city w ill be 0. 44 in 2005, and the development ability w ill belong to class III and w ill be general .It w ill be 0. 64 in 2010, andthe ability w ill belong to class II and w ill be better.It w ill reach to 0. 85 in 2020, and the ability w ill belong to class I and w illbe excellent.The p rocess of evaluation show s that the indices system and the evaluation method are very simp le and easilyapp lied, and the entire2array2polygon method is capable of validating the system integrating theory that synthesis is bigger orsmaller than the sum of elements.Key words: eco2city; indices system; evaluation method1　概述1. 1　生态城市理论和内涵生态城市理念可以追溯到中国古代天人合一的思想[1 ], 在古代欧洲的城市和美国西南部印第安人的村庄也存在生态城市