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第 46 卷 第 6 期 中 国 电 机 工 程 学 报 Vol.46 No.6 Mar. 20, 2026 2576 2026 年 3 月 20 日 Proceedings of the CSEE ©2026 Chin.Soc.for Elec.Eng. DOI：10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.242285 文章编号：0258-8013 (2026) 06-2576-11 中图分类号：TM 85 文献标识码：A 特高压直流输电用晶闸管大气中子辐照效应 殷子强1 ，李强 1 ，路敬宇 1 ，师凯 2 ，李鹏 2 ，胡志良 3 ，祝琳 4 ，丁卫东 1* (1．西安交通大学电气工程学院，陕西省 西安市 710049；2．中国电力科学研究院有限公司， 北京市 海淀区 100192；3．散裂中子源科学中心，广东省 东莞市 523803； 4．国网安徽省电力有限公司电力科学研究院，安徽省 合肥市 230601) Atmospheric Neutron Irradiation Effect of Thyristors in UHV DC Power Transmission YIN Ziqiang 1 , LI Qiang 1 , LU Jingyu 1 , SHI Kai 2 , LI Peng 2 , HU Zhiliang 3 , ZHU Lin 4 , DING Weidong 1* (1. School of Electrical Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, Shaanxi Province, China; 2. China Electrical Power Research Institute, Haidian District, Beijing 100192, China; 3. Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, Guangdong Province, China; 4. Electric Power Science Research Institute State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co., Ltd., Hefei 230601, Anhui Province, China) ABSTRACT: Atmospheric neutron can induce single event burnout (SEB) in thyristors, which threatens the reliable operation of UHVDC power transmission projects in high altitude areas. In this paper, the Atmospheric Neutron Irradiation Spectrometer (ANIS) of China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) is used to obtain the experimental data of the thyristor under atmospheric neutron irradiation, and the method of processing the experimental data, the radiation fault characteristics, and the deterioration characteristics of the thyristor are discussed. It is found that the time to failure of thyristor satisfies the three-parameter lognormal distribution, based on which the time to failure and its confidence interval can be estimated. There is a SEB threshold voltage. When the applied voltage of the thyristor is less than the threshold voltage, the SEB will not occur even if the thyristor is exposed to radiation for a long time. The relationship between the failure rate and applied voltage under atmospheric neutron irradiation satisfies the Zeller’s model and can also be described by a simple exponential model. It can also be obtained by fitting the data as a whole. The SEB failure rate under reverse bias voltage is lower than that under positive bias voltage. After neutron irradiation with a dose of 2.9×10 10 n/cm 2 , the dynamic characteristics of thyristors change, with a 69% decrease in the stored charge of the pn junction, a 60.8% decrease in turn-on time, and a 36.4% increase in the maximum on state voltage. The research results of this paper can be used in the subsequent evaluation of atmospheric neutron irradiation 基金项目：国家电网有限公司科技项目(5500-202320184A-1-1-ZN)。 Science and Technology Project of State Grid Corporation of China (5500-202320184A-1-1-ZN). failure rate and protection of converter valves. KEY WORDS: atmospheric neutron; UHV DC power transmission; thyristor; neutron irradiation; single event burnout; deterioration 摘要：大气中子可引发晶闸管单粒子烧毁(single event burnout，SEB)，对高海拔地区特高压直流输电工程的可靠运行存在威胁。该文利用中国散裂中子源的大气中子谱仪实验获取大气中子辐照条件下晶闸管单粒子烧毁的效应数据，探讨了实验数据的处理方法、晶闸管辐照故障特性和晶闸管劣化特性。结果发现，晶闸管的 SEB 无故障时间满足三参数对数正态分布，基于该分布可以估计无故障时间及其置信区间；晶闸管存在 SEB 发生阈值电压，在阈值电压以下，晶闸管接受长时间辐照也不会导致损毁；大气中子辐照下晶闸管的故障率和电压之间的关系满足 Zeller 模型，也可以用简洁的指数模型描述；故障率和电压之间的关系可以通过数据整体拟合得到；反偏电压下晶闸管的 SEB 故障率低于正偏电压；接受 2.9?10 10 ? n/cm 2 剂量的中子辐照后晶闸管的动态特性发生变化，pn 结存储电荷量下降 69%，开通时间下降 60.8%，通态最大电压上升 36.4%。该结果对后续换流阀大气中子辐照故障率评估和防护方法研究有一定参考价值。 关键词：大气中子；特高压直流输电；晶闸管；中子辐照；单粒子烧毁；劣化 0 引言 由银河系宇宙射线和太阳系宇宙射线组成的初级宇宙射线进入地球大气层时，将与大气原子(氧、氮等)发生多次级联反应产生次级宇宙射线，主要由?介子、?子、中子、质子、电子和光子组成 [1] 。其中的强穿透粒子可以达到地面及近地空间，海平面