188宝金博页面版

Designation: E3 − 11(Reapproved 2017)Standard Guide forPreparation of Metallographic Specimens 1This standard is issued under the f i xed designation E3; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 The primary objective of metallographic examinationsis to reveal the constituents and structure of metals and theiralloys by means of a light optical or scanning electronmicroscope. In special cases, the objective of the examinationmay require the development of less detail than in other casesbut, under nearly all conditions, the proper selection andpreparation of the specimen is of major importance. Because ofthe diversity in available equipment and the wide variety ofproblems encountered, the following text presents for theguidance of the metallographer only those practices whichexperience has shown are generally satisfactory; it cannot anddoes not describe the variations in technique required to solveindividual specimen preparation problems.N OTE 1—For a more extensive description of various metallographictechniques, refer to Samuels, L. E., Metallographic Polishing by Mechani-cal Methods, American Society for Metals (ASM) Metals Park, OH, 3rdEd., 1982; Petzow, G., Metallographic Etching, ASM, 1978; andVanderVoort, G., Metallography: Principles and Practice, McGraw Hill,NY, 2nd Ed., 1999.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:A90/A90M Test Method for Weight [Mass] of Coating onIron and Steel Articles with Zinc or Zinc-Alloy Coatings 2E7 Terminology Relating to MetallographyE45 Test Methods for Determining the Inclusion Content ofSteelE768 Guide for Preparing and Evaluating Specimens forAutomatic Inclusion Assessment of SteelE1077 Test Methods for Estimating the Depth of Decarbur-ization of Steel SpecimensE1122 Practice for Obtaining JK Inclusion Ratings UsingAutomatic Image Analysis (Withdrawn 2006) 3E1245 Practice for Determining the Inclusion or Second-Phase Constituent Content of Metals by Automatic ImageAnalysisE1268 Practice for Assessing the Degree of Banding orOrientation of MicrostructuresE1558 Guide for Electrolytic Polishing of MetallographicSpecimensE1920 Guide for Metallographic Preparation of ThermalSprayed Coatings3. Terminology3.1 Def i nitions:3.1.1 For def i nitions used in this practice, refer to Termi-nology E7.3.2 Def i nitions of Terms Specif i c to This Standard:3.2.1 castable mount—a metallographic mount generallymade from a two component castable plastic. One componentis the resin and the other hardener. Both components can heliquid or one liquid and a powder. Castable mounts generallydo not require heat and pressure to cure.3.2.2 compression mount—a metallographic mount madeusing plastic that requires both heat and pressure for curing.3.2.3 planar grinding—is the f i rst grinding step in a prepa-ration procedure used to bring all specimens into the same1 This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E04 on Metallographyand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E04.01 on Specimen Preparation.Current edition approved June 1, 2017. Published June 2017. Originallyapproved in 1921. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as E3– 1111. DOI:10.1520/E0003-11R17.2 For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1