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内容提示: 介词 一. 概述 介词是一种用来表示词与词、词与句之间的关系的虚词,在句中不能单独作句子成分。介词后面一般有名词、代词或相当于名词的其他词类,短语或从句作它的宾语。介词和它的宾语构成介词词组,在句中作状语、表语、定语或宾语补足语。介词可分为时间介词、地点介词、方式介词、原因介词和其他介词。 ①Nothing in the world could live without air or water. (状语) ②This machine is in good condition. (表语) ③Where is the key to my bike? (定语) ④She always thinks herself above others. (宾补) 二. 介词的分类 ( (1 )从...

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介词 一. 概述 介词是一种用来表示词与词、词与句之间的关系的虚词,在句中不能单独作句子成分。介词后面一般有名词、代词或相当于名词的其他词类,短语或从句作它的宾语。介词和它的宾语构成介词词组,在句中作状语、表语、定语或宾语补足语。介词可分为时间介词、地点介词、方式介词、原因介词和其他介词。 ①Nothing in the world could live without air or water. (状语) ②This machine is in good condition. (表语) ③Where is the key to my bike? (定语) ④She always thinks herself above others. (宾补) 二. 介词的分类 ( (1 )从用法分类 介词类型 例词 例句 表示方位 at, before, behind, below, etc. There must be something behind it. 表示时间 about, after, at, before, by, etc. He came home after 3 days. 表示原因、目的 for, with, from, etc. He died from cancer. 表示对于 to, for, over, at, with, etc. The book is really difficult for me. 表示手段、方式 by, in, with, etc. I will defend the motherland with my life. 表示除去 but, besides, except, etc. We all went to the supermarket except Tom. 表示比较 as, like, above, over, than, etc. They united as one man. 表示结果 to, with, without, etc. Man can’t live without water. ( (2 )从结构分类 介词分类 构成 例词 简单介词 只有单独一个 词的介词 after, at, on, in, during, since, till, across, over, through, past, near, to, above, by, for, down, from, of, off, behind, below, beneath, beside, between, beyond, up, with, about, against, along, among, around, etc. 合成介词 由两个单词 合成的介词 into, inside, onto, outside, throughout, towards, upon, within, without, etc. 短语介词 形容词,分词 或副词+介词 according to, away from, down to, inside of, near to, opposite to, owing to, etc. 连词+介词 as for, as to, because of, etc. 介词+介词(又称双重介词) from among, from behind, from under, till after, in between, etc. 介词+名词+介词 by means of, in front of, in spite of, on account of, with regard to, etc. 其他 thanks to, etc. 由其他词类转用 分词 concerning, considering, given, including, regarding, etc. 形容词或副词 like, near, opposite, round, next, etc. 连词 than, but(除……之外), etc. 名词 despite(不顾;不管), etc. 三.一些常用介词的基本用法 1. at 位置、场所、地点]在、于、到、经由 at the seaside; at my uncle's; at Oxford. at the foot [top] of the mountain; at a distance; at the end of the street 在街头 at the meeting; at the wedding 在某时间:时刻、年节、年龄 at ten o'clock;at (the age of) forty; at the beginning of the month;at Christmas; at dawn; at daybreak; at noon ; at night ; at midnight [条件、情况、 状态]在...中, 在...下, 以...方式 at war;at your convenience;at the work; at your pleasure 随你方便, 由你决定 at high pressure 在高压下 向, 对(表示动作的方向或目标) I wish you’d come and look at my drawing. Old Mr. Smith stared at his youngest son. 为, 对于(表示引起某种情绪的原因) He looked surprised at seeing us. He was very angry at losing the game. 表示价格, 数量, 速度等 I had a small room, at a cost of fifteen cents per night. He sells the cloth at a dollar a meter. The car is running at its top speed. 在某方面 She is quite clever at drawing. He is an expert at repairing. [动作的姿态, 常不译出]以, 用 at a mouthful 一口(就吞下) at every step 每走一步 词组或固定搭配 at a time 一次; not…at all; at all costs 不惜一切代价; at any rate 不管怎样; at first sight 乍一看; at heart 在内心里; at last; at least; at most; at once 马上, 立刻; at present 目前, 现在; at the same time 同时; at the top of one’s voice 高声地; at times 有时候, 间或; at work 在工作, 起作用; at worst 在最坏情况下 2. about 关于 What are you talking about ? I read about it in today’s newspaper. 在…周围, 围绕 There was a white fence about the house. I went closer, and he put his arms about me. .在…范围内, 到处 After tea I wandered alone about the town. He walked for three hours about the London street. 在…附近, 在身边 The streets about the park are very clean.

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